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ŠUMARSKI LIST 3-4/1970 str. 17     <-- 17 -->        PDF

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SILVER FIR MINERS AND DEFOLIATORS AND
THEIR SHARE IN THE PROCESS OF DYING AWAY OF SILVER FIR STANDS


Summary


The author describes the thus far less-kown insect pests on Fir in this country,
whose population density has been on the increase in recent years.


On the basis of own investigations and data from the literature the author has
come to the conclusion that there exist differences in the description of the Fir
bud moth (Argyresthia illuminatella F. R.). Some authors (16.) state that the
caterpillar´s body is red-coloured. However, through laboratory rearing and
observations in nature the author has found that the caterpillar´s body is glossy
and yellowish-green; the head is a very dar´k-brown and and glossy with deep
boundary lines; the oral system is reddish-brown; the thoracic scutellum is small,
glossy and divided, the anal scutellum is rounded, small and grey; the thoracic
legs are annular, while the ventral legs (4 pairs) are almost rudimentary and of
the body colour.


As already stated the different descriptions by various authors are probably
to be sought in the afore-mentioned species being confused with Epiblema nigricana.


The damage produced by these species in recent years on the territory of the


S. R. of Croatia is very extensive. In 1968, in the area of the Forest Enterprise of
Fužine (forest district of Bitoraj) more tham 50Vo of Fir buds were damaged by
the two abovementioned insect pests. In the same year were damaged 40"/» of buds
in the Faculty demonstation forest of Zalesina in some forest districts of the
Forest Enterprises of Skrad. Mrkopalj, Delnice and Krasno 30—50°/» of buds, on
the southern slopes of the Zagrebačka Gora Mountain 30-Vo, and in the Fir stands
of the Macelj Gora Mountain 35l:,/c> of buds. The Fir needle moth (Argyresthia
fundella F. R.) ih a dngerous pest on Silver Fir producing serious damage in Fir
selection forests. The population density and range of spreading of this insect pest
since 1955 have steadily been on the increase.
At the lower limit of the natural range of Siver Fir — inside Fir stands grown
on calcareous soils — was noticed a mass outbreak of the species Semasia subsequana
H. W. (syn. abiegana Dup.). An especially heavy attack by this insect pest
was noticed in the area of the Forest Enterprises of Novi Vinodolski and Krasno.
In addition to these regions the author found this pest also in the area of the
Forest Enterprises of Otočac and Fužine, and in the Zagrebačka Gora Mountain.


One shoot harboured on an average 3 caterpillars of this insect pest.


All the mentioned insect pests also had appeared earlier in the forests of this
country. In recent years the population density of these species has rapidly increased,
damage became heavy and thus — concurrently with other unfavourable
biotic and abiotic factors — the pest threatened the health condition of the Fir
stands.