DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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ŠUMARSKI LIST 1-2/1966 str. 80 <-- 80 --> PDF |
Within these parks there are many strict nature reserves. Wood is being extracted in these parks only to the extent that such a treatment will help in bringing the park to its original state. These silvicultural practices are necessary because of the occurence within the limits of the park of populations of trees that are not of native origin, whose ecological qualities and hereditary characteristics are not in harmony with the environmental conditions of the given area. This phenomenon can be observed in the Tatra National Park (2) area 22,917 ha, in which towards the end of the XlXth century and in the beginning of the XXth century plantations of spruce were made in the lower reaches of the mountains from seed of alpine origin which proved ill adjusted to the local site conditions. Similarily in the Pieniny National Park several spruce stands are of Austrian origin. This has caused to some extent an unfavourable change in the secondary associations in this vegetation belt and an impoverishment of the gene pool in the population of local trees. This type of management is being practised in the following National Parks: Tara (22.917 ha), Pieniny (3) (2528 ha), Babiagöra (4) (1709 ha), Ojcöw (5) (1331 ha) and Swiety Krzyz (6) (6052 ha). In the Tatra National Park a forest geneticist will find interesting high elevation (1150—1450 m) spruce populations, sometimes with trees up to 400 years old, larger groups and single individuals of spruce at the lower elevations, and Pinus cembra at higher elevations. In the Babiagöra National Park indigenous populations of Picea abies, Abies alba and Acer pseudoplatanus are being protected, which are of economic importance in the forestry of some parts of the Carpathians and in the Beskid. In the Swiety Krzyz National Park among the protected tree species a special mention is necessary of the Polish larch and of fir, which reaches here very considerable sizes. The forests of the Ojcöw and Pieniny National Parks are not of particular interest economically, however they are very interesting from a theoretical point of view since in these parks relict pine growing on chalk can be found. i 3. THE THIRD GROUP OF NATIONAL PARKS comprises plant communities that have been very considerably damaged by the interference of man (Kampinos National Park (7), 22,311 ha, Wielkopolski National Park (8). 5276 ha, Wolin National park (9), 4437. ha. In view of the fact that local tree races have been much affected by the introduction of foreign provenances, very much more wood is being extracted from these parks than one would consider in normal forest management. In these parks small strict nature reserves are established, and from them seed of the local indigenous provenances is used for regeneration of other parts of the park. In the Kampinos and Wielkopolski National Parks there are small stands of old pine, almost certainly of local origin, which represent populations of this species from the regions of the great valleys. In the Wolin National Park a local population of Fagus silvatica need to be mentioned. 78 |