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ŠUMARSKI LIST 9-10/1994 str. 37     <-- 37 -->        PDF

P. Durasović: ŠTETE NA VEGETACIJI I OBNOVA VEGETACIJE ARBORETUMA TRSTENO...
SUMMARY: The Arboretum Trsteno of the Croatian Academy od Sciences
and Arts is one of the best known arboreta in Europa and in the world. It
is located near Dubrovnik in a place called Trsteno, and covers an area of
25,513 ha. It was founded in the 15th century by an old aristocratic family
Gučetić — Gozze. It is well known as an old Gothic-Renaissance garden,
belonging to Dubrovnik, with a famous collection of exotic trees and shrubs,
amounting to more than 300 species.


At the beginning of October 1991, at the time of the Serbian imperialistic
aggression on Croatia, the Serbo-Yugoslav Army burned down the Arboretum
Trsteno by incendiary shells fired from war-ships anchored at Brsečin and
by dropping inflammable substances — phosphorus from combat planes flying
close to the ground above the Arboretum Trsteno.


In this disasterous fire on the 2nd and 3rd October 1991 approximately
80% of the Trsteno Arboretum vegetation was destroyed. The old pravillion,
in front of the Gučetić´ summer residence, greenhouse and arboretum´s garden
nurseries, were also completely burned down to the foundations. More than
10,000 trees were destroyed in the fire, which included 8,000 Aleppo Pine
(Pinus halepensis Mill.), about 2,000 cypresses (Cupressus sempervirens L.),
100 Brutian Pine trees (Pinus brutia Ten.) 100 trees of Maritime Pine (Pinus
pinaster Ait.), and 100 trees of Dalmatian Black Pine (Pinus nigra ssp.
dalmatica (Vis. I Schwz.). Of the remaining trees 100 olive trees were also
destroyed in the fire (Olea europaea L. ssp. europaea), 30 citrus fruit trees
(Citrus sp.) and 20 windmill palm trees (Trachycarpus fortunei /Hook./ H.
Wendl.). In the same way 200 species of young exotic plants were destroyed,
older than 3—5 years, which had been cultivated for the purpose of planting
exotic trees and shrubs in the Arboretum Trsteno.


In this great fire and as an result of the Serbian occupation of Trsteno
Arboretum, from the end of October 1991 to the end of May 1992, 30 exotic
plant species were destroyed by fire or dieback, which amounts to 10% of
the total number of exotic species of trees and shrubs.


The following species of exotic trees and shrubs disappeared: several species
of eucalypti (Eucalyptus sp.), Colorado Fir (Abies cocnolor IGord. et Glend.l
Lindl ex Hildebr.), senna trees (Cassia tora I Cassia corymbosa Lam.), quite
a number of acacia (Acacia decipiens I Acacia dietrichianaj Acacia doratoxylon
Cunn., I Acacia karoo, I Acacia pychnantha Benth., I Acacia saligna), Albizzia
(Albizia lophantha I Willd.), a few species of Rhododendrons (Rhododendron
sp.), African Rose (Colutea arborescens L.), Ivy (Hedera helix var. sagitaeffolia),
Pyrophoric Shrub (Pyracantha rogersiana I Jacks. I Bean), Cneorum
tricoccon L., kasuarina (Casuarina torulosa Dryand.), Hakea laufina R. Br.,
Montinia caryophyllacea, papaya (Carica papaya L.), Carica quercifolia, Ampelopsis
aconitifolia (Bunge), Oregon Grape (Ilex aquifolium I Pursh. I Nutt.),
Sarcoccoca ruscifolia Stapf.


The following species of more important half-shrubs and perennial plants
which disappeared are: evergreen (Vinca rosea), Japanese decorative banana


— tree (Musa basjoo Sieb. et Zucc. ex Limuna) and Artichoke (Cynara
scolymus L,).
Restoration of the Arboretum Trsteno vegetation is planned to take place
by both natural regeneration and artificially. By counting the annual rings
and the burned and larger dimension Aleppo Pine trees, the age of the
destroyed pine forest was determined to be 80 years. On site examination
confirmed intensive natural regeneration of Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis
Mill.). For natural reforestation of the Aleppo Pine, i.e. for trees to reach
up to 80—100 cm diameter breast height, as prior to the fire, will take
approximately 80 years.


The time needed in order to cultivate an exotic plant to achieve dimension
of between 50—80 cm DBH is also approximately 80 years.


Šumarski list br. 9-10, CXVIII (1994), 295-304