DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
prilagođeno pretraživanje po punom tekstu



ŠUMARSKI LIST 1-2/1999 str. 45     <-- 45 -->        PDF

J. Domac: ISKORIŠTAVANJU ŠUMSKE BIOMASE ZA ENERGIJU U FINSKOJ Šumarski list hr. 1 2. C XXIII (l´W9), 37-43
The aim of the Finnish Bioenergy research programme for the years 19931998
is to increase the use of economically profitable and environmentally
sound bioenergy by improving the competitiveness of solid biofuels. The main
research fields concern production methods of wood fuels, use of bioenergy,
and conversion of biomass to bio-oils. This paper concentrates on wood fuels
and forestry biomass production research.


Finnish forests contain substantial biomass reserves. The most important
resources of energy wood are trees removed during the precommercial and
early commercial thinning of young stands, residual stemwood and crown
mass from regeneration cuttings and poor quality, small-sized deciduous trees
from under-productive stands. The main utilisation of wood-based fuels is in
the forest industry, which uses a substantial amount of wood raw material for
the production of energy. The volume share of energy raw material is 15-25%)


for the saw-milling industry, 40-50%>for the plywood/veneer industry, 10-15%
in the mechanical pulp industry and 50-60%) in the sulphate pulp industry of
all raw material, bark included. In all cases, the fuel component is processed
from industrial residue, so that the use of wood-based fuels in the forest industry
is essentially passive. Great emphasis has been placed on wood-fired
heating and cogeneration plants in the prevailing discussion on the use of
wood-based fuels. Today share of biomass in electricity generation is more
than 10%.


Data presented in paper were collected and photos taken during authors
visit Finland in September 1998 as a participant of IE A Bioenergy
International Workshop. Additional informations were collected from Prof
Dr. Pentti Hakkila (Finnish Forest Research Institute), Prof. Dr. Kai Sipila
(VTT Energy), Dr. Ilka Savolainen (IVO Group) and Mr. Arto Heikkinen (IVO
Group). For Croatia is in some points similar to Finland (history, population,
significant forest areas) Finnish experiences and bright example of bioenergy
use could be interesting and useful. This paper gives a brief historical
overview of bioenergy use and state of the art today in Finland, main characteristics
of Bioenergia programme and current trends of bioenergy use, some
information about bioenergy market and electricity generation from biomass
in Finland and short description of the Biowatty Oy, a national producer and
marketer of bioenergy


Key words: Finland, bioenergy, forestry biomass