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ŠUMARSKI LIST 7-8/1999 str. 46     <-- 46 -->        PDF

M. Harapin: KRPELJI I NEKE ANTROPO/OONOZE Šumarski list br. 7 8, CXXIII (1999), 323-328
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SUMMARY: Ticks are Arthropoda which belong to the order ofmite. The
head, thorax and abdomen make up a whole. Thev have special labial organs
for skin pricking and sucking (feeler, hipostoma). They live as parasites on
plants, avertebrates and vertebrates. Their significance is recognised both by
human and veterinarian medicine andforestry, as well as by some otherfields.
They change hosts in each developmental instar (larva, nymph, adult). Their
lifetime is a few years. They live on mammals (mouse-like rodents, as well as
on other small and big animals). Ticks transmit pathogenic viruses, bacteria
and other sources ofepidemic diseases. In Croatia, they transmit viral encephalitis,
nodose fever, lyme borreliosis, tularaemia, recurrntfever, etc. Sources
of disease are transmitted to the new generations of ticks through ovaries.
Therefore, ticks are reservoirs and not only vectors which transmit different
sources of disease. The most present diseases in the Continental part of Croatia
are meningitis, lyme borreliosis and, in the coastal area, mediterranian
spotted fever. The above mentioned diseases can be eitherprevented or cured.
The most important preventive measure is avoiding infection, i.e. avoiding
principal seats of ticks. In addition, one should not walk through the woods
without appropriate footwear as well as long-sleeved and long-legged clothing.
One should applv ticks repellents and, after having been exposed to the
dangers of infection, examine one´s body. To prevent meningoencephalitis it is
best to have a vaccination against it. Lyme borreliosis is cured by antibiotics.


Key words: tick, mammal, virus, bacteria, vector, host, meningoencephalitis,
Lyme borreliosis.