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ŠUMARSKI LIST 9-10/1999 str. 45     <-- 45 -->        PDF

A. Meštrović: USPIJEVANJE MUNIKE Piims heldreichii Christ U HERCEGOVINI Šumarski list hr. 9- 10. C´XXIIl (l1)´)´)), 431-452
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Summary: The first part of the article features the introduction of the Whitebark Pine
(Pinus heldreichii Christ) as a Tertiary relict both generally and particularly in the research
area. The research objectives are the establishment of conditions for the growth of
the Whitebark Pine and the production properties of the pure natural stands in
Hercegovina. After considering a detailed description of the name under which the authors
have dealt with this species on various locations, the authors agreed upon a single
name (Croatian: munikaj.


Most papers on the Whitebark Pine refer to the botanical/geographical research and
that on the soils and plant associations, while the research into the stand structure and
production properties have been rare.


The range of the Whitebark Pine, both natural and artificial, is described in detail. It
includes the Mediterranean and submediterranean mountains of the Balkan peninsula
and south Italy. The hercegovinian location has been described through four phytocenoses
where the pine grows naturally. The total area where this species thrives either in pure or
mixed stands covers 5,865 ha of which pure stands grow on 1,528 ha. The climate of the
hercegovinian range has been described through the data of four meteorological stations:
Mostar, Konjic, Posušje and Tomislavgrad. They prove that the White-bark pine thrives in
the continental-mountainous and the changed submediterranean climate of the colder
belt. The characteristic soil properties were analyzed on the test plots showing the chemical
and mechanical properties: brown soil on chalk, humus on chalk and rendzine on
dolomite. All these soils lack phosphorus, have a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction (Ph


6.9 to 7.8) and a high percentage of free carbonates in the black soils on chalk and
rendzine on dolomite due to the great quantity of tiny skeletal particles. The biological
properties, reproduction and adaptability have been dealt with on all needed ecosystems,
and a very wide ecological amplitude of the whitebark as a pine species has been established.
Described in detail, all four test plots were analyzed as to the growth and increment of
one tree from each. The results are shown in tables both for the test areas and each tree in
particular. The number of trees in the research stands ranged from 785 to 2,060 per ha.
The mean tree diameter of the main stand ranged from 12.5 to 18.7 cm, the volume from


0.06 to 0.17 m) wood mass 125.16 to 214.31 m3 per ha, while the stand age ranged from 38
to 62 years (Table 3).
The research results have been analyzed in detail so that the habitat site class is determined
according to the tree heights on test area compared to those published by Drinić &
Prolić in 1979. All measured stand are within the third site class. Within the research on
the volume structure of the test assignment in the stand, the most significant are the results
obtained about the natural stand regeneration. Classified according to the diameter
structure, the number of trees can be seen in Table 9 and Diagram 3. The assignment was
done in order to obtain information about a possible cut size, i.e. the stand regeneration,