DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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D. Majnarić: GOSPODARENJE MEDVJEDOM KAO ZADATAK DRŽAVNOG ŠUMARSTVA Šumarski list br. 11-12, CXXV1 (2002), 601-611 Huber,Đ.,A . Frković,J . Kusa k 2002: Plan gos- Ministarstvo poljoprivrede i šumarstva 2002: Popis drpodarenja medvjedom na području priobalja Pri- žavnih lovišta u Županijama, odnosno gradu Zamorsko- goranske županije. grebu. Kusak , J., Đ. Huber , 1998: Brown bear habitat qua- Šilić , Č. 1977: Šumske zeljaste biljke. lity in Gorski kotar, Croatia. Ursus 10:281-291. Šilić , Č. 1983: Atlas drveća i grmlja. Povjerenstvo za praćenje populacija velikih zvijeri i Vukelić , J., Đ. Rauš , 1998: ŠumarskafitocenologiMinistarstvo zaštite okoliša i prostornog urede-j a ; šums ke zajednice u Hrvatskoj. nja 1999: Analiza podataka o stanju medvjeda u Hrvatskoj. SUMMARY: The Republic of Croatia is, together with Slovenia, the first country from Western Europe eastwards to have well-preserved bear habitats and a sufficient number of bears to ensure the survival of this animal species. Due to constant emigration of the local population since World War Two, bear habitats have been increasing in size and improving in quality. The European brown bear in on the World List of Endangered Animal Species, and the Republic of Croatia is a signatory of the Bern Convention, the CITES Convention, the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Directive on the Protection of Natural Habitats and Wild Fauna and Flora. Pursuant to Article 22 of the Bern Convention, Croatia has requested a Reserve in connection with animal species in the Annexes with regard to bear hunt. Within the Action plan of brown bear protection, Croatia is obliged to draw up a national plan of bear management. Until 1935 the bear was unprotected, and was hunted by forest owners, rangers and peasants. From 1935, bear could be hunted with the permission of state authorities. In 1953 the bear was protected with close season. From 1990 -1999, the death of 273 bears was recorded, of which hunting accounts for 50.1 %, poaching for 9.5 %, traffic for 16.5 %, war actions for 13.5 %, and other and unknown causes account for 10.4 %. In Croatia, the average annual bear nutrition with offal was 446 kg/1 head of bear. Bear habitats cover an area of 842,880 ha in Croatia. Within this area there are state hunting grounds (60.20 %), county hunting grounds (33.57 %) and national parks (6.23 %). The last bear count at the country level was made in 1999 and the fund at that time was 623 heads or 0.74 heads /1,000 ha. The increase in bear population is high and comes to 1.075 heads per sexually mature bear female. Females most frequently have 2 cubs (54.4 %), 3 cubs (29.8 %), 1 cub (14.7 %) and rarely 4 cubs (1.0 %). The bear is on the list of big game, and is protected with close season from 16 May - 30 September. Bear management is regulated by laws, regulations and documents of which the Hunting Law is the most important. The plan of bear management should rectify past errors relating to management in undersized areas. It should be taken into account that the building of motorways has divided the bear habitat into four smaller parts. Motorways have become obstacles to bear movement, and crossings are possible only above tunnels and under bridges and viaducts. The route of the Zagreb Rijeka motorway going through the bear habitat is 56.85 km long and crossings are possible in 25 places in the length of 14.40 km (25.34 %). The section Bosiljevo - Sveti Rok thought the bear habitat is 144.83 km long and crossings are possible in 19 places in the length of 23.10 km (15.95 %). For practical reasons, bears should be managed in the areas divided by motorways. In these areas (1-4) bears should be counted in terms of their sexual and age |