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ŠUMARSKI LIST 11-12/2004 str. 38     <-- 38 -->        PDF

I. Trinajstić: NOMENK.LATURNO-SINTAKSONOMSKA ANALIZA ŠUMA OBIČNE BREZE ... Šumarski list br. 11-12. CXXVIII (2004). 627-632
Pevalek , I, 1924: Prilog poznavanju naših breza. đula Roth) u području panonskih šuma bukve i


Farmaceutski vjesnik 14: 662-665. jele (Fagetum croaticum boreale abietetosum
Rauš,Đ., S. Matić, 1994: Istraživanje vegetacijskih Horv.) na Papuku. Šum. list 114: 357-368.
i uzgojnih problema obične breze (Betula pen- Walters, S. M., 1992: Betula L. U T. G. Tut in and
đula Roth) na području Požege i Slatine. Glasn. V. H. Heywoo d (eds.): Flora Europaea, 2*
Šum. Pokuse 30: 337-360. Ed., 1: 68-69. Cambridge University Press.
Rauš, Đ., J. Vukelić, 1986: Vegetacijske i struktur- Weber, H. E., J. Moravec, J. P. Theurillat,


ne osobine obične breze (Betula pendula Roth) 2000: International Code of Phytosociological


na Psunju. Šum. list 110 (5-6): 177-187. Nomenclature, 3,h Ed. J. Veg. Sci. 11: 739-768.
Vukelić, J., Ž. Španjol, 1990: Fitocenološki karakter
čistih sastojina obične breze (Betula pen-


SUMMARY: The silver birch - Betula pendula Roth is a typical pioneer species
which in the progressive succession process on carbonate-free or decalcified carbonate
soils is the first to conquer grasslands after mowing and grazing have been abandoned.
As the first stage the ass. Pteridio-Betuletum is developed, and afterwards in further
succession process the development of the ass. Populo tremulae-Betuletum occurs.


During the vegetation mapping in Gorski Gotar, attention was attracted by the birch


- Betula pendula stands in the composition of which the species Pteridium aquilinum
was distinguished. This group has been designated by Tr i nafst i ć and Sugar as the
ass. Pteridio-Betuletum. During mapping, the said stands were not analyzed in detail
syntaxonomically, and therefore they remained "nomen solum". It was only by Rauš
and Matić (1994) that the ass. Pteridio-Betuletum was presented also by the releves.
Similarly Glišić (1950) was the first who published the binomial "Populeto-
Betuletum" but without an adequate presentation of its floristic composition by means
of any quantitative relations between individual species of the floristic composition, so
this binomial remained "nomen nudum ".
The floristic composition of silver birch forests is given in Table 1, on the basis of
8 representative releves. Of them, the records 1-3 represent the ass. Pteridio-Betuletum,
and the records 4-8 the ass. Populo tremulae-Betuletum.


As the characteristic species of the ass. Pteridio-Betuletum it is designated Pteridium
aquilinum, which in the floristic composition is present with a high level of covering.
As the characteristic species of the ass. Populo tremulae-Betuletum it is designated
Populus tremula, which is present in the tree and shrub layer as well as in the herb layer.


The characteristic species of the alliance Quercion robori-petreae, the order Quercetalia
robori-petreae and the class Quercetea robori-petreae are present relatively well.
Distinguished by their absolute domination are Betula pendula and Quercus petraea in
the tree layer, and Juniperus communis in the shrub layer. The herb layer is relatively
poorly developed, especially within the ass. Pteridio-Betuletum, since due to the dominance
of brake ferns just a small number of species has the conditions for survival.


The companion species are very numerous. However, only a fairly small number of
them achieve a higher level of permanency, the others being present in a few or in one
record only. This suggests the idea that the birch stands are very heterogeneous floristically,
while the elements of the natural, potentially forest cover indicate the progressive
succession toward the development of the acidophilous sessile oak forests, namely acidophilus
beech forests. It should be pointed out that a sharp floristic boundary between
the said birch forest associations does not exist, and therefore the records 3 and 4 can be
considered as a transition between the ass. Pteridio-Betuletum and Populo tremulae-
Betuletum, regardless of the areas and floristically analyzed stands involved.