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ŠUMARSKI LIST 13/2005 str. 163     <-- 163 -->        PDF

PRESENTATION ATT! IH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM Šumarski list - SUPLEMENT (2005), 155-164


THE ROLE OF FLOODPLAIN FORESTS IN SOUTHERN MORAVIA
IN THE PROTECTION OF QUALITY OF WATER RESOURCES


Emil KLIMO, Jiri KULHAVY


SUMMARY: Resources of drinking water of high quality are a serious problem
particularly in the intensively economically used landscape. The paper
gives examples of the importance of forests for the protection of quality of water
resources. In the first case, the function of a floodplain forest is analysed
in the basin of the Morava River, particularly from the viewpoint of intercepting
soil particles carried from markedly fertilized agricultural soils by
crowns of the floodplain forest and further the high accumulation of elements
such as N and P in the floodplain forest stand which otherwise could be a pollution
element for the river water. High primary production capable to retain
high amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus is an important factor for the role
of a floodplain forest. Channelization of rivers and construction of the Nove
Mlyny reservoirs bring about the need of artificial flooding which is not, however,
fully identical with natural floods particularly from the viewpoint of
water quality.


K ey w o rds: water quality, floodplain forests


1. INTRODUCTION
With growing anthropogenic impacts on nature foment
retention such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the
rests become increasingly a more important factor for biomass of forest ecosystems is an important factor for
the preservation of quality of water resources. However, the preservation of water resources quality. Thus, atwe
have to take into account that negative impacts of tention is also paid to the input of nitrogen from atmoshuman
activities affect also forest ecosystems and thus phere to forest ecosystems which can result (in certain
this function can be reduced. Therefore, methods of focases)
in the saturation of forest ecosystems by nitrorest
management and use are of great importance. W i 1 -gen and negative effects on water quality. Potential
pert (2003) mentions that water quality decreases and risks of the increased input of nitrogen can also stimuas
for the concentration of nitrates it increases in the late mineralization of humus (F e g e r 2003).
course of recent decades from typical outputs of water


According to Fegc r (2003), conversions of pure


from forest ecosystems amounting to 2-5 mg.f1 to


Norway spruce monocultures to mixed forests can also


10-30 mg.r´. Another problem is the increase of DOC,


bring positive impacts on water quality. Therefore,


aluminium and heavy metals. The condition of a forest


modern trends of sustainable forest management take


and its distance from the natural condition can signifi


into consideration also protection of water resources.


cantly affect water quality. Wilper t (2003) notices


These extractions of elements by the biomass of fo


that the higher flux of elements was found under a


rest ecosystems are also important for the immobility


spruce stand than under a beech stand and nitrate mo


of elements such as cadmium and zinc. Wiesham


bility on a clear-felled area caused that their concentra


m c r et all. (2003) mention that eg Salix caprea and


tion in drinking water exceeded a threshold value. Alt


Salix fragilis show a high potential to withdraw Cd, Zn


hough the statement mentioned above does not have to


and sometimes also Pb from soil.
be general, there is a fact that the problem of bioele-


The positive role of a forest in the retention of NO r


N, NH4-N and P04-P note Swank and Waide


* Prof. Emil Klimo, Doc. Jiri Kulhavy, Institute of Forest Ecology,
(1987) on the example of Coweeta project. On the ot


Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry
CZ-613 00 Brno, Zemcdelska 3, Czech Republic her hand, actual losses for a forest ecosystem were