DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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ŠUMARSKI LIST 13/2005 str. 196 <-- 196 --> PDF |
B. Prpić, P. Jurjcvić. II. Jakovac: ASSESSING THE VALUE OF ANTI-EROSIVE ... Šumarski list SUPLEMENT (2005). 186-194 The method of evaluating and estimating the noncommercial forest functions was published in the National Journal of the Republic of Croatia Nr. 191/1997 in the "Statute on changes and amendments of the Statute on forest management" as a sub law act of the Forest Law of the Republic of Croatia passed in 1990. The valuation of the anti-erosive, hydrological and water-protective forest functions in Croatia was published by the implementation of Articles 91 and 92 of the mentioned Statute. The results of the calculation are presented in the enclosed table (Table 1). Total area of Croatian forests is 1,903,115 ha, while the calculated value of their functions according to the Statute amounts to € 9,395,572,002. The average value per ha is € 4,937, while the average annual value per ha amounts to € 99, i.e. € 188,408,385 of all forests. Neither this method can calculate the real value of the said forest functions, since the point value has not changed in the last ten years in spite of the growing awareness of the significance and value of the noncommercial forest functions. This particularly relates to the climatic changes and the consequences they cause either as drought or flood and life-claiming torrents. It also relates to the binding of carbon dioxide as a significant greenhouse gas. In spite of this, this price is twice as high than the value of € 94.5 million, calculated by Vuletić and Sab ad i (2004) for the same functions. CONCLUSIONS 1. The anti-erosive, hydrological and water-protective forest functions belong to the most significant protective forest functions. Within the protection of the environment, the anti-erosive and hydrological functions are deciding in the prevention of erosion, torrents and floods. By making water drinkable, the water-protective function is essential for man´s survival. 2. While assessing the value of the non-commercial forest functions, a forestry engineer should also have experience in understanding them. The expert valuation of a forest stand and the combining of its structural components with the individual beneficial functions are essential. 3. The valuation of the social forest functions (aesthetic, health, recreation, tourism) will require a questionnaire, provided that the examined people should be well chosen depending on their functions. The results of the questionnaire may help in making final assessments on the aesthetic and tourism-related forest functions. 4. The evaluation of the non-commercial forest functions by the principles of money value, i.e. considering that the value is assessed by market criteria, while all ecological, socio/eco-physiological functions (genetics, biodiversity, nature-conservation and physiology - binding of carbon dioxide and releasing of oxygen) will be underestimated according to our to date experience. Their real value cannot be assessed objectively. The ecological and biological forest capital even today exceeds by thirty and more times the value of the raw material and energy, while the valuations by economic principles only negligibly exceed the raw material/energy value. 5. As to the conservation of the forest stock against the useless conversion to other purposes, a currently adequate evaluation method by point system has been legalised by a sub-law act within the Law on Forests of the Republic of Croatia. 6. Owing to their natural composition, Croatian forests have a very high generally beneficial value, which is constantly increasing through the maintenance of the optimal development phase and a short natural regeneration. With the silvicultural practices of the Zagreb School of Silviculture, forests are maintained from one regeneration to another, in order to retain their beneficial functions. 7. The calculation of the total anti-erosive, hydrological and water-protective forest functions managed by Hrvatske šume Ltd., upon an area of 80 % of the total Croatian growing stock, amounts to € 9,395,572,002. This was calculated by the official methodology of the Law on Forests of the Republic of Croatia. The average value per 1 ha is thus € 4,937, while the agreed average annual value of all forests per 1 ha is € 99, i.e. € 188,408,385. |