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J. Vukelić, A.Alegro, V. Šegota:ALTIMONTANSKO - SUBALPSKASMREKOVAŠUMAS OBRUBLJENIM ...Šumarski list br. 5–6, CXXXIV (2010), 211-228 šumska staništa Hrvatske. Državni zavod za za-Zupančič,M., 1988: Ilyrische und balkanische štitu prirode Republike Hrvatske, 263 str., Za-Arten in den subalpinen Fichtengesellschaften greb.der zentralen Balkanhalbinsel. – Satureia, 4: 33–42, Salzburg. Weber, H.E., J. Moravec,J.-P. Theurillat, 2000: International Code of PhytosociologicalZupančič,M., 1987: Šumske zajednice Jugoslavije, Nomenclature 3th Ed. J.Veget. Sci. 11: 739–768.SR Slovenija. Šumarska enciklopedija, II. izda nje, 3: 411–418. Zukrigl,K., 1973: Montane und subalpineWaldges selschaften amAlpenostrand. Mittl. der Forstlic-Zupančič,M., 1990: Smrekovi gozdovi Evrope in hen Bundes –VersuchanstaltWien, 101: 1–386.Balkanskega polotoka, III. Biološki vestnik, 38/3: 5–22, Ljubljana. Zupančič,M., 1980: Smrekovi gozdovi v mraziščih dinarskega gorstva Slovenije. SAZU, Dela 24:Zupančič,M., 1999: Smrekovi gozdovi Slovenije. 1–262.SAZU, Dela 36: 1–222. Zupančič,M., 1980: Smrekovi gozdovi Evrope inZupančič,M., 2007: Syntaxonomic problems of the Balkanskega polotoka, I. Biološki vestnik, 28/2:classes Vaccinio-Piceeteaand Erico-Pineteain 137–158, Ljubljana. Slovenia. Fitosociologia 44/2: 3–13. Zupančič,M., 1982: Smrekovi gozdovi Evrope in Balkanskega polotoka, II. Biološki vestnik, 38/3: 5–22, Ljubljana. SUMMARY: This research describes a new association of spruce with Laserpitium krapfii(Laserpitio krapfii-Piceetum abietisass. nova). Occurring in the subalpine belt of northern Velebit, it reaches altitudes between 1,200 and 1,600 m. Here, the association is developed as a permanent stage under the strong influence of the microclimate of more humid, colder and shadier sites. Locally, it descends into sinkholes and lower slopes all the way to the beech- fir forest (Omphalodo-Fagetum). It is generally incorporated within the belt of pre-alpine beech forest with large white buttercup (Ranunculo platanifoliae- Fagetum). Some stands are highly productive, but in a large part of the range the community has a protective character. The phytocoenosisLaserpitio krapfii-Piceetumhas macro-climatic features of the prealpine beech forest, in whose belt it is situated. However, its occurrence is predominantly determined by the microclimate modified primarily by the relief, altitude and other geomorphological factors (Cindrić 1973). The average annual temperature of the subalpine belt of northern Velebit is 3.5 °C, and the average annual precipitation is 1,898 mm (in the period 1961–1990, data from the State Hydro-Meteorological Institute). The parent material is made up of limestone breccias and limestone-dolomite blocks which often resurface. The soil is organogenic and organomineral calcomelanosol in mosaic with calcocambisol. In relation to calcomelanosols of other forest communities in the Zavižan area, calcomelanosols in this community are the richest in total nitrogen and humus content. Martinović (in Cestar et. al. 1977) found neutral reaction and base saturated adsorption complex in the humus-accumulative horizon and in the cambic horizon in calcomelanosols. He attributes his finding to the fragmented dolomitized limestones and breccias which supply the soils with ample quantities of calcium. It is very important to point this out, because in relation to other spruce associations, the studied Velebit community is significantly richer in species of the order Fagetalia. The average soil pH determined in water for the depth layer of 0–5 cm amounts to 5.50. Table 1 presents 12 phytocoenological relevés of the association Laserpitio krapfii-Piccetumwith 140 species of higher plants and 25 moss species. Of this, 58 species of higher plants and 6 species of moss occur in more than 40 |