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ŠUMARSKI LIST 7-8/2010 str. 79     <-- 79 -->        PDF

M. Glavendekić: PARASITOIDS AND HYPERPARASITOIDS OF ERANNIS DEFOLIARIACL. ... Šumarski list br. 7–8, CXXXIV (2010), 403-410


brown soil. 12. Forest Unit Zlatica, compartment 96a forest
type beech and sessile oak (Querco-Fagetum typicum)
on acid brown and lessive acid brown soil. 13. Forest
Unit Kožica, compartment 30b – forest of sessile
oak andTurkey oak (Quercetum petraeae cerris pauperum)
on acid brown and lessive acid brown soils. 14. Forest
Unit Kožica, compartment 31a – forest of
submontane beech (Fagetum submontanum) on deep
eutric brown soils (brown forest soil and brown soil on
loamy sediments). 15. Forest Unit Bukovik, compartment
4a – coppice forest of Hungarian oak andTurkey
oak with Eastern hornbeam (Quercetum frainetto - cerris
carpinetosum orinetalis) on dystric and eutric brown
soils. 16. Forest administration Raška, Forest unit Kosovac
– coppice forest of Hungarian oak andTurkey oak
with Eastern hornbeam (Quercetum frainetto - cerris
carpinetosum orinetalis) on dystric and eutric brown
soils.


RESULTS – Rezultati


Biology and population dynamic of mottled umber moth


Biologija i populaciona populacijska dinamika velikog mrazovca


Erannis defoliaria Clerck, 1759 – Mottled umber
moth, Grosser Frostspanner, ....................,
veliki mrazovac. During our study the first adults were
found in the third decade of November, and the last ones
in the first decade of January. Females oviposit individually
or in small groups around the buds, in bark crevi-


Figure 1 Caterpillars of E. defoliaria


Slika 1. Gusjenice E. defoliaria


ces or in other hidden places. Caterpillars can vary in the
colour (figure 1).


It was recorded in all localities, most often in a
lower population density. In Forest unitMiroč, however,
it was dominant (65% of early season defoliator
population). It exceeded threshold on the locality National
Park Djeradp in Forest unit Zlatica, comp. 54f in
2002 (213 larvae/1000 leaves). In compartments 101,
95 and 55 relative abundance was from 98–123 larvae/
1000 leaves in 2009.


Winter moth population dynamics has been studied
in different forest types. It was found out that frequent
outbreaks are characteristic for the following forest
types: forest ofTurkey oak and sessile oak (Quercetum
petraeae-cerris) on brown and lessive brown soil on
serpentinite; forests of sessile oak (Quercetum montanum
typicum) on acid brown soil; in the forest of Hungarian
oak and Turkey oak with Eastern hornbeam
(Quercetum frainetto-cerris carpinetosum orientalis)
on dystric and eutric brown soils; in the association
Orno-Quercetum pubescentis-virgilianaeand in the artificially
established stand of mixed oaks at Mala Moš ta
nica. In plantations of pedunculate oak with
hornbeam in forest unitVisoka šuma Lošinci outbreaks
of winter moths are frequently observed.Winter moths
occur regularly, but as a rule there are no outbreaks in
the forest of sessile oak, Turkey oak and hornbeam
(Carpino-Quercetum petraeae-cerris) onbrown forest
soil and lessive brown forest soil.


Distribution and bioecology of mottled umber moth parasitoids


Rasprostranjenje i bioekologija parazitoida velikog mrazovca
During our study on parasitoids ofE. defoliariain
oak forests following species were recorded:
Protapanteles immunis Haliday, 1834 (Hymenoptera:
Braconidae) is a parasitoid ofE. defoliariaandA.


marginaria caterpillars. It is recorded in Forest units:
Mala Moštanica, Rađenovci,Visoka šuma, and Bukovik.
Cotesia limbata Marshall, 1885 (Hymenoptera:
Braconidae) was recorded in several localities as the
parasitoid of A. leucophaearia,E. defoliaria and O.
brumatacaterpillars. It was found in Forest unit Mala


Moštanica andVisoka šuma Lošinci.


Figure 2 Larvae of E. defoliaria with Braconidae


Slika 2. Larva E. defoliaria sa brakonidom