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Z. Sedlar, V. Hršak, R. Šoštarić: NUMERICALAND PHYTOSOCIOLOGICALANALYSIS OF ... Šumarski list br. 3–4, CXXXV (2011), 1-3 own special endemic taxon fromPinus nigras.l. complex and can be rich in endemics (Brullo &al. 2001). The size of the Mediterranean basin and the geographical isolation of its islands and peninsulas drove to massive speciation process among the species forming in the high mountain vegetation.The biodiversity of Mediterranean orophilous communities is thus among the highest in Europe.This is why many local species enter into speces assemblage of syntaxa of eachPinus nigrasubspecies, as do species from neighbouring vegetation type. In the Junipero sibiricae -Pinetum dalmaticae Domac (1956) 1965 association species enter most frequently from Quercetalia pubescentis Br.Bl. (1931) 1932 order. Black pine forests often have in their structure a great number of species which grow on screes and rocks than zonal vegetation (Bergmeier 1990). This is why communities of different Mediterranean areas, formed by black pine, have low number of matching species and more expressed local floristic features than it is the case with zonal and other types of vegetation (Bergmeier 1990).The syntaxonomic classification is very difficult and an object of different discussions and different syntaxonomic solutions because of these reasons (Rivas-Martínez 1964; Domac 1965; Horvat &al. 1974; Trinajstić 1977, 1986, 1990, 1998; Bergmeier 1990; 2002; Rivas-Martínez &al. 1999;Brullo&al.2001). In classification of black pine forests there are several different concepts. The first concept is taking a pure numeric proportion of species from different syntaxa with which black pine forests adjoins as a classification basis for a higher level of syntaxa.According to this concept it is attempted to classify black pine forests into an existing higher level syntaxon or to present it as a subassociation or a facies of a neighbouring association which has the most matching species in species assemblage. The second concept introduces habitat differentiation, ecological and structural characteristics which make numeric part of different syntaxa relative. The third concept is to give greater meaning to the supraregional characteristics, of termophillous pine forests at merging to higher level syntaxa (Bergmeier 1990). Example for this concept is Erico-Pinetea Horvat 1959 class and lower syntaxa (Horvat 1959). Pinus nigrasubsp.dalmatica(Vis) Franco is an endemic taxon distributed on the coast, on some islands of southern Dalmatia and on the southern slopes of the DinaricAlps at altitudes from 350 to 1,000 m and is one of the Mediterranean taxa of the Pinus nigra s.l. complex (Bogunić &al. 2003;Isajev &al. 2004; Pignatti 2005). It is a woody phanerophyte of the northeastern eurimediterranean, found in drier areas (Pignatti 2005). It is also an Illyrian floral element (Pignatti 1982a). The distribution area of Dalmatian pine is spread over altitudes between 300 and 1,400m and is divided into two parts: the Biokovo Mountain part and the coastal part (Trinajstić1986). Dalmatian pine vegetation is mostly found in forms of different stages of degradation ofQuercus ilexL. vegetation, mostly garrigues (Stefanović 1977).The largest complexes of Dalmatian pine vegetation are on the islands of Brač, Hvar, and Korčula and on the Pelješac peninsula (Figure 1), at altitudes between 300 and 750 metres. Here, they are situated in the Mediterranean region in both eumediterranean and submediterranean vegetation zo nes. Dalmatian pine vegetation is situated on Biokovo Mountain mostly in the northwestern part of the mountain and is divided into two altitudinal parts: an upper part at an altitude of 1,100-1,400 m, and a lower one at an altitude of 500-900 m (Domac 1961/62). Until now, researchers have encountered problems connected to the typology of Dalmatian pine vegetation. It was often described as a unique type of vegetation (Beck-Mannagetta 1901; Horvatić 1928; Horvat 1950, 1954). Horvat 1950 and 1954 even marked it as a separate association with its temporary name “Pinetum dalmaticae”, but made no further attempt at syntaxonomical analysis. Later,Horvatić 1958 defined Dalmatian pine vegetation only as the degradation stages of different associations and gave them a subassociation and facies level (Genisto-Ericetum verticillatae pinetosum dalmaticaeHorvatić 1958,Erico-Rosmarinetum pinetosum dalmaticae Horvatić 1958, Stipo-Salvietum officinalis pinetosum dalmaticae Horvatić 1958, Orno-Quercetum ilicis pinosum dalmaticae Horvatić1958). In contrast, Trinajstić 1977 named a new, higher level,syntaxa, found on the island of Hvar and des cribed as Erico manipuliflorae-Pinetum dalmaticae Trinajstić 1977 and in 1986 another association from the islands of Korčula and Brač,Querco ilicis-Pinetum dalmaticaeTrinajstić 1986. The research and classifications of Horvatić 1958 andTrinajstić 1977, 1986 and 1990 do not include the area of Biokovo Mountain.The only attempt to describe and classify Dalmatian pine vegetation on Biokovo Mountain was made by Domac in 1965. He takes the syntaxa from Horvatić 1958 into consideration and describes a new association, found on the higher part of Biokovo Mountain, asJunipero sibiricae -Pinetum dalmaticaeDomac1965, classifying it into the deciduous submediterranean Quercetalia pubescentis order, the Querco-FageteaBr.-Bl. et Vlieger 1937 class. This review shows that the syntaxonomy of the Dalmatian pine vegetation is not simple, although it takes up a relatively small area. It shows that there are no |