DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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Z. Sedlar, V. Hršak, R. Šoštarić: NUMERICALAND PHYTOSOCIOLOGICALANALYSIS OF ... Šumarski list br. 3–4, CXXXV (2011), 1-3 unique syntaxonomic solutions, that the Dalmatian pine vegetation on Biokovo Mountain is different from all similar vegetation types in the region and that the relation to similar vegetation is questionable, as is its syntaxonomical position. This study was therefore made to research the syntaxonomical and ecological position of theJunipero sibiricae -Pinetum dalmaticae association on Biokovo Mountain and its relation to other types of Dalmatian pine vegetation and black pine vegetation from other Mediterranean areas. MATERIALSAND METHODS– Materijal i metode Study area – Područje istraživanja The study area is situated in Croatia, the central Dalmatia region, between N43°27’36”, E16°08’34.2” and N42°43’47.9”, E17°49’42.8”.The geological base of the islands, the peninsula and Biokovo Mountain is carbonate, Mesozoic limestone and dolomite (Cvitanović1974). Biokovo Mountain rises from the sea coast and runs parallel with it up to a height of 1,700m (highest peak at 1,762 m).The altitude of the coastal side slope is between 500 and 1,100 m and is very steep with many vertical cliffs. Above that height there is an undulating karst plateau. In this zone on karst ridges and exposed habitats Junipero sibiricae -Pinetum dalmaticae is found. The islands of Hvar, Brač, and Korčula and the Pelješac peninsula also have hills, but of lower altitudes than Biokovo: the highest peak of the island of Hvar is at 628 m, that of the island of Brač is at 778 m, the island of Korčula’s highest peak measures 569 m, and the highest peak of the Pelješac peninsula rises to 961 m. The climate in this area is basically Mediterranean with an expressed summer drought. On higher parts, of course, lower temperatures and less expressed drought occur.The higher parts of Biokovo have an alpine climate, but the Mediterranean summer drought still occurs to some degree.The continental slope of Biokovo is also exposed to the effect of the continental climate which is not present on the islands of Hvar, Brač and Korčula and on the Pelješac peninsula. Biokovo is one of the hotspots of plant endemism in Croatia. Together with Velebit Mountain, the coastal area of Dubrovnik and Quarnero islands, this is an area with a high concentration of endemic and subendemic plant taxa. Out of more than 1,500 plant taxa present, on the mountain area alone there are more than 30 endemic (Borzan & al. 1992). For this high endemism rate there are several reasons. Biokovo is quite isolated from other mountains of the DinaricAlps, separated on the coastal side by the sea and on the continental side by a wide plane.Another reason for the high number of endemic plant species is the mountain relief which allows for the existence of different types of habitats and specific edaphic and microclimatic characteristics.This relief even causes the isolation of different habitats on the mountain (Kušan 1969). Biokovo is also on the boundary of two phytogeographical regions: the Mediterranean region and partly the Eurosiberian- Northamerican region (Trinajstić 1986). This also explains the presence of a large number of species from both regions which enlarge the plant diversity on Biokovo. Such specific phytogeographycal features give good reason to expect specific types of vegetation on Biokovo. Data collection – Prikupljanje podataka The data used in this study were taken from the publications of Domac 1965,Trinajstić 1986 and1990 and Horvatić 1958. Domac 1965 made the most comprehensive research of the distribution area of Dalmatian pine by taking a total of 41 phytosociological relevés in Dalmatian pine vegetation on the Dalmatian islands of Hvar (7 relevés) and Brač (14 relevés), on the Pelješac peninsula (4 relevés) and Biokovo Mountain (16 relevés).Trinajstić 1986 and 1990 took relevés of Dalmatian pine vegetation on the islands of Brač (13 relevés), Hvar (3 relevés), Korčula (5 relevés) and on the Pelješac peninsula (4 relevés). Horvatić 1958 took 6 relevés on the island of Hvar. Our study is mostly based on the studies done by Domac 1965 and Trinajstić 1986 and 1990. Figure 1 shows the area where Pinus nigra subsp. dalmatica vegetation was researched. Relevés taken by Domac 1965 contain altitude data, but others do not. However, the mentioned islands have relatively low peaks so the altitudes are not different from those measured by Domac. On the island of Hvar, the altitudes of the relevés vary from 300 to 480m, on the island of Brač the relevé altitudes vary from 400 to 740m, and for the peninsula of Pelješac they vary from 500 to 800m. For the island of Korčula, there were no measured altitudes, but its highest peak is in the range of the altitudes of the relevés taken on the other islands. Domac 1965 made his relevés on Biokovo Mountain at altitudes between 560 and 900 m and between 1,180 and 1400 m. The relevés taken by Domac 1965,Trinajstić 1986 and 1990 and Horvatić 1958 were made based on the Braun-Blanquet method using the classic abun dan ce/ cover scale proposed by Braun-Blanquet (BraunBlanquet1964). Tocompare the species composition with vegetation dominated by the black pine in other parts of Mediter |