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ŠUMARSKI LIST 3-4/2013 str. 47     <-- 47 -->        PDF

DEAD WOOD IN MANAGED BEECH FORESTS IN SERBIA
MRTVO DRVO U GOSPODARENIM BUKOVIM ŠUMAMA NA PODRUČJU SRBIJE
Miloš Koprivica, Bratislav Matović, Snežana Stajić, Vlado Čokeša, Đorđe Jović
Abstract:
Dead wood in forests of Serbia hasn`t been studied so far, although it is an important component of forest ecosystems. This paper presents results of investigating volume, biomass, and carbon stock bound in the dead wood of beech high forests. The sample includes eleven pure beech stands selected in six forest regions. They are all uneven-aged stands that have been managed for the last several decades, mostly under selection or group-selection. Their site class is I/II–III/IV. The altitude ranges from 400 to 1380 m. One stand belongs to submontane (Fagetum moesiacae submontanum B. Jov. 1967) and ten to montane (Fagetum moesiacae montanum B. Jov. 1953) beech forests. A systematic sample was used to determine the presence, quantity, diameter structure of volume, and state of dead wood considering its degree of decomposition both in standing and lying position. Sample plots of 500 m2, at a distance of 100 x 100 m were used as elements of the sample. Altogether 242 sample plots were established. The volume of aboveground dead wood was determined by applying familiar dendrometric methods, while the dry biomass was calculated on the basis of its volume and wood density at different degrees of decomposition. The biomass of belowground dead wood i.e. roots of stumps and snags was obtained directly using the relevant regression equations. The quantity of the carbon bound in dead wood was calculated by multiplying dry biomass of dead wood by 0.5 coefficient. A simple and a stratified sample were used for the purposes of estimating the average and total volume, biomass, and carbon stock of dead wood. It was concluded that the average aboveground deadwood volume in all studied stands amounted to 19.24 m3 ha–1. The aboveground biomass of dead wood was 6.06 t ha–1 and belowground 17.34 t ha–1, or 23.40 t ha–1 in total. The carbon-bound stock in the total estimated dry biomass of dead wood was 11.70 t C ha–1.
Key words: dead wood, managed beech forests, stand, volume, biomass, carbon, sample
Introduction
Uvod
With the aim of resolving complex problems of mankind, energy crisis and climate changes, scientists worldwide have recognised the importance of studying biomass, as well as carbon stock and cycling in forest ecosystems. The most commonly researched problem refers to effects of climate changes and management systems on development and stability of forest ecosystems and their contribution to mitigating the adverse effects of climate changes on living environment, through capturing carbon from the atmosphere and storing it in living and dead wood, organic layer and soil (Cannell, 1995; Lebaube et al., 2000; Joosten et al., 2004, Mund, 2004; Mund and Schulze 2006; Liski et al., 2006).