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FLIGHT ACTIVITY, WITHIN THE TRAP TREE ABUNDANCE AND OvERWINTERING OF THE LARCH BARK BEETLE (Ips cembrae) IN CZHECH REPUBLIC ROJENJE, GUSTOĆA I RASPORED POPULACIJE NA LOVNIM STABLIMA I PREZIMLJAVANJE ARIŠEVOG POTKORNJAKA (Ips cembrae) U ČEŠKOJ Jaroslav Holuša, Emanuel Kula, Filip Wewiora, Karolina Lukášová Abstract The increasing threat to forests from the gradual increase in Ips cembrae abundance necessitates more precise information concerning its ecology, monitoring, and control. Cembräwit® pheromone traps and trap trees were used to evaluate I. cembrae flight activity and infestations, respectively, during outbreaks in 2007–2009 in the Czech Republic. Emergence of the next generation was also evaluated from trap logs and forest litter. Flight activity was detected from late April to early July and lacked clear peaks. Trap trees were invaded evenly along the entire profile of the trunk. Parent galleries were longer and numbers of larval galleries were fewer in the upper parts than in the lower parts of trap tree trunks. Gradual fly-out of beetles from infested larch wood under laboratory conditions during winter confirmed that adults, larvae, and pupae of the offspring generation overwinter in such wood. The trapping of beetles emerging from litter confirmed that I. cembrae also overwinters in the litter near the trees where development was completed. Key words: Ips cembrae, pheromone-baited trap, trap tree, flight activity, dispersion, overwintering Introduction Uvod The large larch bark beetle, Ips cembrae (Heer, 1836), occurs in Europe (Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Great Britain, Italy, England, Wales, Scotland, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, and Ukraine) and Central Russia (OEPP/EPPO 2005). The natural distribution of I. cembrae was incorrectly indicated to include eastern Asia (Postner 1974), where it was confused with Ips subelongatus Motschulsky, 1860 (Stauffer al. 2001, Zhang et al. 2007). Other publications also confused the two species, i.e., the publications indicated |