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ŠUMARSKI LIST 7-8/2015 str. 46     <-- 46 -->        PDF

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Summary
Wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) is a valuable forest tree species, discontinuously distributed in mixed forests of southern, central and western Europe. Several countries established long-term breeding programs for Wild cherry, to improve the quality and production of its wood. In Croatia, 27 wild cherry trees were selected, on eight phenotypic criteria. These were cloned by grafting and a clonal seed orchard was established in the area of the Forest Office Kutina. For this research, we monitored 14 clones presented with four ramets. Selected ramets were measured over two years; 2010 and 2011. To estimate the vegetative growth we measured the 50 cm height diameter. To estimate the generative activities, one exemplary branch was marked on each ramet. Each selected branch was measured in full length, including the length of its flower and fruit bearing shoots. In April 2010 and 2011 all the flowers were counted on each exemplary branch. In May, all the fruits. The number of flowers and fruits was reduced to 100 cm length (Figure 1, Figure 3). Fruit set was calculated as the ratio of flowers and fruits (Figure 4). For all the traits average coefficients of intraclonal variability are shown for both years (Figure 2). Based on meteorological data for station Kutina in 2009, 2010 and 2011 we calculated parameters for winter inactive temperatures (Winter chilling), and spring temperatures, necessary for the beginning of the vegetation period (Forcing). We used The Chilling Hours model and the Utah model for "Winter chilling" and Growing Degree Days Model for "Forcing" (Luedeling et al. 2013), (Table 2)). The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of some reproductive traits in a sample of wild cherry clones in clonal seed orchard Kutina, correlation between these traits and correlation with vegetative growth. Another aim was to put these relationships into context of the environmental conditions at the time of flowering and fruiting. Statistically significant differences between clones were found for Number of fruits per 100 cm and Fruit set, viewed cumulatively for two years (Table 1). The statistical significance was caused by