DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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plots. The research area is characterized by two different bedrock types, limestone and flysch, with various soil types (Table 1). The main vegetation type of pine plantations differs among the plots, showing mixtures between eumediterranean – submediterranean and submediterranean – mountain vegetation regions, with Quercus pubescens Willd. as a dominant autochthonous species. Average annual rainfall and temperatures across Istria region varies between 842 – 1571 mm, and 11.6 – 14.5 °C, respectively. Plots were approximately at the same locations as were the plots of Diminić et al. (2012) in the previous research. They were square shaped (20 × 20 m), measuring 400 m2 each, at different slopes, aspects, elevation and bedrocks. In the center of every plot GPS coordinates were recorded with Ashtech MobileMapper 10. All plots were located in state owned forests at the area of following Forest offices (FO): FO Pazin, Management unit (MU) Motovun (2 plots), MU Planik (3 plots); FO Labin, MU Smokovica (2 plots), FO Opatija-Matulji, MU Liburnija (1 plot), FO Buzet, MU Kras (1 plot). Macrofungi samples were collected during 2013, from week 36 to week 50, every fortnight. To minimize the effect of mushroom pickers, sampling was conducted on Wednesday and Thursday whenever possible (according to Martínez de Aragón et al. 2007), regardless the weather conditions. By macrofungi we assumed all fungi that form fruit bodies larger than 1 mm, or visible by naked eye, respectively (Arnolds 1992). All samples were recorded with digital camera. Each fungal species with all its sporocarps on the plot represented one sample. They were collected in a wax paper bags, assigned and processed in laboratory on the same day. Sporocarps were counted, measured, described and dried for 48 hours at 35-40 °C. Afterwards, they were packed in plastic bags and deposited to Croatian National Fungarium (CNF) for further identification. Samples that could not be identified only by their macroscopic characteristics, were identified by standard microscopy methods on dry material (Mešić & Tkalčec 2009), using light microscope Olympus BX51, with magnification up to 1500× and novel taxonomic literature (Breitenbach & Kränzlin 1986, 2000; Kuyper 1986; Kytövuori 1989; Bas et al. 1990, 1995, 1999; Sarnari 1998, 2005; Antonín & Noordeloos 2004, 2010; Knudsen & Vesterholt 2012). Trophic status of collected fungal species was determined according to Brundrett (2008), Rinaldi et al. (2008) and Comandini et al. (2012). Names of identified species and author abbreviations follow MycoBank (www.mycobank.org 2016). From each plot one tree with an average crown transparency level was selected to confirm the fungus Spheropsis sapinea presence and to reveal the number of present pycnidia as well. Each tree was represented with five branches and 20 needles (100 needles per plot). Analyzes of Sphaeropsis tip blight infection were conducted in the Laboratory of trees pathology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb. Needles were kept moistened in Petri dishes for 48 h. Total number of developed pycnidia on needles was counted under a stereo microscope (Leica Leitz MZ8). To confirm the presence of S. sapinea, five needles were randomly selected from each sample and analyzed under a light microscope Olympus BX53, with magnification up to 400×, equipped with digital camera Motic MoticamPro 252A. Shape and size of pycnidia and spores were controlled in the cross section (according to Diminić 1997). Crown transparency was |