DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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CAN WE PREDICT SPHAEROPSIS SAPINEA OUTBREAK BY MONITORING FUNGAL DIVERSITY IN AUSTRIAN PINE PLANTATIONS? MOŽEMO LI PREDVIDJETI ZARAZE GLJIVOM SPHAEROPSIS SAPINEA PRATEĆI RAZNOLIKOST GLJIVA U ŠUMSKIM KULTURAMA CRNOGA BORA? Željko ZGRABLIĆ, Hrvoje MARJANOVIĆ, Danko DIMINIĆ Summary Fungal diversity plays an important role in forest ecosystems stability as well in the health status of mycorrhizal forest trees. At research area in Istria, Croatia, pathogenic fungus Sphaeropsis tip blight (Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko et Sutton) caused substantial damage in Austrian pine (Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold) plantations during the last decades. This research continues on previous done in Austrian pine plantations on predisposition to S. sapinea infections, where site and stress conditions were determined as key factors, but also, the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi were confirmed as biological indicators of the health status in selected plantations. We analyzed fungal diversity of Austrian pine plantations to determine the dependence of species richness and its diversity index, both for total and ECM species only, in relation to S. sapinea infection rate and crown transparency of selected trees. Fungal samples were collected during 2013 at nine permanent research plots in autumn season. Their total and ECM species richness and diversity index were correlated to Sphaeropsis tip blight infection level and crown transparency. Our results did not confirm the hypothesis that Austrian pine plantations with higher total species richness and its diversity index are more resistant to S. sapinea infection nor to crown transparency. Oppositely, ectomycorrhizal species richness and its diversity index might be used as good biological indicators of S. sapinea presence and crown transparency of studied plantations. KEY WORDS: Pinus nigra, Sphaeropsis sapinea, crown transparency, integrated forest protection, species richness, Shannon index, ectomycorrhizal fungi Introduction Uvod Sphaeropsis tip blight (Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko et Sutton) caused a substantial damage and dieback of Austrian pine (Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold) plantations in Istria region, Croatia, through the last three decades. The dieback caused ecological and economical loses, e.g. loss of biodiversity, change in soil microclimate, increased erosion processes and loss of timber. Although the pathogen itself was |