DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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| ŠUMARSKI LIST 5-6/2016 str. 67 <-- 67 --> PDF |
MICROPROPAGATION OF WILD CHERRY (Prunus avium L.) FROM A CLONAL SEED ORCHARD MIKRORAZMNOŽAVANJE DIVLJE TREŠNJE (Prunus avium L.) IZ KLONSKE SJEMENSKE PLANTAŽE Olivera TANČEVA CRMARIĆ, Davorin KAJBA Abstract A total of 24 genotypes (selected adult plus trees) were introduced from a clonal seed orchard of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) in the process of in vitro production. The possibilities of optimizing routine micropropagation methods of the clones at all stages were explored. Several techniques were established that allow the introduction of the initial culture throughout the year. A total of 23 clones were successfully introduced over the four seasons. Clone L3 was not successfully disinfected and was not introduced into the initial culture. The specific composition of culture media and the unique combination of growth regulators were determined in all in vitro production stages, leading to the growth of high-quality plants with very good survival during the acclimatization process. BAP-1.0 mg/L, Kinetin-0.5 mg/L and IAA-0.5 mg/L were used for micropropagation, which resulted in the multiplication rate of 3-9 with shoot heights from 1.5 to 3.0 cm. Rooting of microcuttings was achieved by a combination of IAA-2.0 mg/L, IBA-2.0 mg/L with the addition of GA3-0.2 mg/L. The rooted plantlets of wild cherry developed normal internodes and leaf blades, and the roots were well formed with 3 to 7 roots per plant, whose length increased the longer they remained in the culture medium. The micropropagated selected plus trees manifested strong apical dominance and the majority of the young plants reached a height of over one meter in the period of seven months. Key words: in vitro propagation, selected plus trees, clonal seed orchard, wild cherry INTRODUCTION UVOD Improvement of wild cherry (Prunus avium L., family Rosaceae), with conventional propagation methods could be a very slow process impeded by the difficulty of finding regular and sufficient quantities of natural seed. Although the establishment of clonal seed orchards ensures a more regular yield of good quality seed, it does not eliminate the dependence on weather conditions which affect blossoming and seed yield, nor does it solve difficulties related to seed germination. Certain biotechnological in vitro methods accelerate the process and ensure genetic stability. Microclonal propagation of rejuvenated individuals, derived from adult elite genotypes is the fastest and the best method of wild cherry improvement. Process optimization facilitates the problems and reduces production costs. Both additive and non-additive components of genetic variability are thus preserved. Good quality plantlets with known characteristics that are obtained over a short period could be used not only for the establishment and replacement of clonal seed |