DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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| ŠUMARSKI LIST 9-10/2016 str. 79 <-- 79 --> PDF |
or shadowing of the soil by the crown cover (GDF, 2014b; Eraslan, 1982). Sub-compartments are the application areas of the silvicultural treatments. Silvicultural treatments are gathered under four headings as reforestation, tending, regeneration and rehabilitation (Saatçioğlu, 1971; Nyland, 2007; Genç, 2001; GDF, 2014b; GDF 2014c). It is decided on silvicultural treatment type, techniques and allowable cuts to be applied depending on the ecological conditions of forest areas, biological demands of tree species, road network, transportation-marketing opportunities, technical capacities of the forest administrations, conservation targets, management objectives, forest forms, stand parameters. While the silvicultural treatment to be applied to a sub-compartment was being applied to the whole of the sub-compartment area, the sub-compartment area only in the areas to be forested can be/is divided (Eraslan, 1982). Reforestation areas are open areas within the forest regime and they are the fields to be forested with plantation within the plan period. Regeneration areas are the areas to be regenerated or have begun to be regenerated in the previous period that have completed the rotation period or have been completing. Tending areas are the forest areas out of the reforestation and regeneration areas, these areas are exposed to the silvicultural tending treatments due to being crown closer, development stage, pure or mixed of the stands especially biological demands of tree species in accordance with the management objectives and conservation targets. The tending treatments such as weeding the young stands, release cutting at pole pine stands and pre-mature stands and thinning and release cutting at old or mature stands are applicate. The silvicultural methods used in thinning are named as low thinning and high thinning; and according to the amount or dose of treatments they are described as weak and heavy thinning. Rehabilitation fields are generally crown closer degree 1, and they are degraded forest areas. While taking the final harvest allowable cut in the regeneration fields, the intermediate yield allowable cut in the tending areas is taken. In the cutting maps that are the final output of forest management plans, the fields subjected to reforestation, regeneration, tending and rehabilitation are indicated in different colors (Saatçioğlu, 1971; Genç, 2001; GDF, 2014b; GDF, 2014c). MATERIAL AND METHODS MATERIJAL I METODE Research Area – Područje istraživanja Hisar Forest Administration Chief Office is attached to Oltu Forest Enterprise of Erzurum Forest Regional Directorate. It is 70 km away from the province of Erzurum. The elevation from the sea level ranges from 710 m to 2892 m. The research area coordinates are ED 50 datum 37th zone 735000-770000 eastern longitudes and 4495000-4520000 northern latitudes according to UTM coordinate system (Figure 1). The total |