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ŠUMARSKI LIST 11-12/2016 str. 31     <-- 31 -->        PDF

PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS OF TIMBER EXTRACTION BY URUS MIII SKYLINE YARDER IN NORTHEAST TURKEY
PRODUKTIVNOST I TROŠKOVI IZNOŠENJA DRVA POMOĆU URUS MIII ŽIČARA U SJEVEROISTOČNOJ TURSKOJ
Tolga OZTURK, Necmettin SENTURK
Summary
The purpose of this study is to investigate the productivity and cost of the Urus MIII skyline yarder during extraction of timber from spruce stands in northeast Turkey. The productivity of Urus MIII skyline yarder was determined by using the methods of work and time study. The research results implies that some working characteristics of the Urus MIII skyline yarder such as fuel consumption, load volume, yarding distance, speed of the carriage, time consumption per phases have an important impact on productivity of the skyline yarder. The results indicated that the productivity of Urus MIII skyline yarder was 10.63 m³/hr for average 253 m. Daily productivity was found 84.80 m³. The unit cost of yarder was found to be 30.00 €/hr. Also, the average fuel consumption was 5 liter/hr.
KEY WORDS: Urus MII skyline yarder, timber extraction, spruce, productivity
INTRODUCTION
UVOD
Cable yarding operations continue to be an important technique for harvesting timber. It is proven to be low impact on both soil and the residual stand, and suitable for steep terrain (Stampfer et al., 2006). Efficient harvesting in steep terrain is usually linked to cable based harvesting system (Huber and Stampfer, 2015) and their use in the mountainous regions of Europe is becoming more widespread (Proto and Zimbalatti, 2015). In the light of increased global competition, which is imposing a growing strain on all commercial activities, including wood harvesting, forest operations must increase their productivity, while decreasing production costs (Hoesch, 2003). Cable extraction in forest stands is a desirable alternative to either a skidder or forwarder on a sensitive site (Visser and Stampfer, 1998; Melemez and Tunay, 2014) and erosional region (Ozturk, 2004). Besides, cable yarding can be implemented in any weather conditions and result in less damaging to the forest ecosystem than tractor skidding in harvesting area (Eroglu et al., 2009). Timber harvesting is still one of the most important forestry activities. Timber harvesting is still one of the most important forestry activities in Eastern Black Sea Region skyline yarders are mostly used for timber extraction. The average land slope of this generally forest region is above 60%. The forest structure of Eastern Black Sea region is one from the richest forest regions of Turkey. This region is a mountainous area and road density is lowest according to another forestry area in country. The road density is changed between 11 and 16 m/ha (Ozturk, 2004). Enhancement of forest infrastructure is prerequisite for entire wood value added chain and should consider a prior through qualitative and quantitative assessment of the existing road networks (Enache et al., 2015).