DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
prilagođeno pretraživanje po punom tekstu



ŠUMARSKI LIST 11-12/2016 str. 36     <-- 36 -->        PDF

enough for all yarding operations. Melemez (2014) mentioned that if the corridors are narrower than 5 m, carriage may damage nearby standing trees.
In this study, the mounting time of the skyline yarder was 6 hours, while the dismantling time was 4 hours. Mounting operations are dependent on workers experience, terrain conditions (slope, ground bearing capacity, ground roughness) as well as vegetation density. Stampfer et al. (2006) reported that while an uphill short corridor (150 m) can be installed on average in 6 hours; a 500 m downhill corridor with a single support will require 23 hours. In this study, the mounting time has taken less time for 400 m installation distance. Mounting and dismantling times affect the work productivity for cable systems (Zimbalatti and Proto, 2009).
While the harvesting areas where timber yarding is performed by skyline yarder, after determining its route and mounting the skyline line, processed timber are transported toward the cleared corridor by human force with assist of gravity. Thus, lateral dragging distance is shortened and the required time and worker force is also decreased to some extent. In this study, the average lateral dragging was found to be 13.9 meters. Productivity of cable systems is highly affected by dense ground vegetation, delay time in loaded area will decrease; and the hourly production of the skyline yarder will increase significantly (Ozturk, 2004). It should be mentioned that operator and workers should be kept subject to a well training and they should have a certificate.
REFERENCES
LITERATURA
Anonymous, 2012. IBM SPSS Advanced Statistics 21(Installation Cd rom).
Aykut, T., H.H. Acar, N. Senturk, 1997: An investigation on the comparison of Koller K300, URUS MIII and Gantner skylines used for extraction from compartment in Artvin region. I.U.Review of the Faculty of Forestry, University of Istanbul, 47 (A2): 30-58.
Caglar, S., A. Karaman, H.H. Acar, 2003: An Investigation on logging by Baco and Gantner skylines. XXXI. International Forestry Students (IFSS) Symposium, 1st-15th September 2003, Proceedings of Symposium, pp.106-113, Istanbul / Turkey.
Cavalli, R., S. Grigolato, 2010: Influence of characteristics and extension of a forest road network on the supply cost of forest woodchips. J.Forest Res. 15: 202-209.
Enache, A., P.Tibor, V.D. Ciobanu, K.Stampfer, 2015: GIS based methods fpr computing the mean extraction distance and its correction factors in Romanian mountain forests. Sumarski Lİst, 1-2: 35-46.
Eroglu, H., M.S.Ozkaya, H.H.Acar, A.Karaman, A.Yolasigmaz, 2009: An investigation on roundwood extraction of Fagus orientalis lipsky, Abies nordmanniana (Stew.) Spach. and Picea orientalis (L.) Link. by Urus MIII forest skyline on snow. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(6): 1082-1089.
Hoesch, M., 2003: Technology development as driving force for rationalization in forest companies. Austro2003: High Tech Forest Operations for Mountainous Terrain, October 5-9, Schlaegl – Austria.
Huber, C., K.Stampfer, 2015: Efficiency of topping trees in cable yarding operations. Croat. J. for Eng. 36(2): 185-193.
McDonald, T.P., J.P.Fulton, 2005: Automated time study of skidders using global positioning system data. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 48: 19-37.
Melemez, K., M.Tunay, 2014: A comparison of productivity in five small-scale harvesting systems. Small-Scale Forestry, 13: 35-45.
Ozturk, T., 2004: The research on transporting forest products with varied forest skylines in mountainous forest zone of Turkey. Istanbul University, Journal of the Faculty of Forestry, A 54 (1): 65-85.
Ozturk, T., N.Senturk, 2006: Extraction of spruce timber by Gantner cable crane from selective forests of artvin region. Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering, 27(1): 59-65.
Stampfer, K., R.Visser, C.Kanzian, 2006: Cable corridor installation times for European yarders. International Journal of Forest Engineering, 17(2):71-77.
Proto, A.R., G.Zimbalatti, 2015: Firewood cable extraction in the southern Mediterranean area of Italy. Forest Science and Technology, 1-8.
Visser, R.J.M., K.Stampher, 1998: Cable extraction of harvester felled thinnings an Austrian case study. J.For. Engineering, 1: 39-46.
Wang, J., J.McNeel, J.Baumgras, 2003: A computer-based time study system for timber harvesting operations. Forest Products Journal, 53(3): 47-53.
Zimbalatti, G., A.R.Proto, 2009: Cable logging opportunities for firewood in Calabrian forests. Biosystems Engineering, 102: 63-68.
Zimbalatti, G., A.R.Proto, 2010: Timber extraction with a cable crane in south Italy (Calabria). FORMEC 2010. Forest Engineering: Meeting the Needs of the Society and the Environment, Padova, Italy.
Sažetak
Cilj je ovog rada istražiti produktivnost i troškove žičare Urus MIII tijekom iznošenja drva iz sastojina smreke u sjeveroistočnoj Turskoj. Produktivnost žičare Urus MIII određena je uporabom povratne metode studija rada i vremena. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da neke radne karakteristike žičare Urus MIII, kao što su potrošnja goriva, obujam tovara, udaljenost iznošenja, brzina iznošenja i utrošeno vrijeme po ciklusu, imaju važan učinak na produktivnost žičare. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da je produktivnost žičare Urus MIII iznosila 10,63 m³/h za srednju udaljenost iznošenja drva od 253 m. Dnevna produktivnost bila je 84,80 m³. Jedinični trošak rada žičare iznosi 30.00 €/h. Također, prosječna potrošnja goriva iznosila je 5 litara/h.
KLJUČNE RIJEČI: Urus MII žičara, iznošenje drva, smreka, produktivnost