DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
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| ŠUMARSKI LIST 11-12/2016 str. 50 <-- 50 --> PDF |
P. millierella is a monophagous species which feeds and thereby creates mines in the leaves of C. australis. Mines are visible on the lower leaf surface (Figure 2). On the upper leaf surface mines are tent-shaped in form and without visible wrinkles. The lower leaf epidermis is grayish silver and densely covered with coppery brown or dark gray freckles of hairs. The upper leaf surface is convex and discolored, with the exception of the central part of mines, which is green. Often more than one mine can be found on a single leaf (Csóka 1995). Larvae pupate in the leaf, with one or two generations per year (data from Croatia suggest that P. millierella has two generations per year, which is common for many species of the Phyllonorycter genus, Matoševič et al. 2009). Mines appear in June, July and August. We also discovered that P. millierella is expanding in the Sub-Mediterranean area of Slovenia (Jurc 2014). Libythea celtis (Laicharting, 1782), Nymphalidae, nettle-tree butterfly The total distribution of L. celtis extends from northwestern Africa across Southern Europe and parts of Asia to Japan. It occurs in Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Corsica, Crete, Croatia, Cyprus, European Turkey, the French mainland, Germany, the Greek mainland, Hungary, the Italian mainland, Macedonia, the North Aegean Islands, the Portuguese mainland, Romania, Sardinia, Slovakia, Slovenia, the Spanish mainland, Switzerland and Ukraine. In Southern Europe it is quite widespread (Karsholt and Razowski 1996; Maček 1999; Fauna Europaea, http://www.faunaeur.org/). In Slovenia L. celtis was found at the edge of a deciduous forest east of the village of Polje on December 25, 2011. This locality is warm and of southern exposition with a Mediterranean tree species assemblage, such as Cotinus coggygria Scop. and Fraxinus ornus L. This extraordinary finding in the winter confirms a mild climate and the presence of temperature inversions on the Šentvid Plateau (Torkar et al. 2013). This is also one of the northernmost findings of this species in Slovenia. L. celtis is a monophagous species, with trees from the genus Celtis acting as its host plant (Tolman and Lewington 1997) (Figure 1, 4, 5). The adults overwinter and can be observed in the spring, around April and May (Figure 6). Young caterpillars appear in May (in Southern Europe) and are usually quite numerous on the lower leaf surface; however, the later instars are on both sides (Figure 7). During our research, |