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ŠUMARSKI LIST 9-10/2017 str. 47     <-- 47 -->        PDF

FIRST RECORD OF ALIEN SPECIES Chymomyza amoena [Diptera, Drosophilidae] IN CROATIA
PRVI NALAZ STRANE VRSTE Chymomyza amoena [Diptera, Drosophilidae] U HRVATSKOJ
Ivana PAJAČ ŽIVKOVIĆ, Božena BARIĆ, Milorad ŠUBIĆ, Gabrijel SELJAK, Aleksandar MEŠIĆ
Summary
The alien species Chymomyza amoena (Loew 1862) is recorded in Croatia for the first time. This phytophagous drosophilid native to North America was first discovered in Europe in 1975 in the former Czechoslovakia. C. amoena breeds in parasitized fruits and nuts damaged from primary pest attack. It is considered to be the principal drosophilid with this kind of developmental habits in both North America and Europe. The currently known host plants, species morphology and biology, the location of the first finding and possible ways of expanding in the territory of Croatia are briefly reviewed. This work provides new insights into distribution of C. amoena in Europe.
Key words: Diptera, Drosophilidae, invasive species, host plants, dispersal prognosis
Introduction
Uvod
The arrival of alien species of Diptera to Europe has exponentially increased since the second half of the 20th century. Ninety-eight species of Diptera have already been established in Europe, 18 of which belonging to the family of Drosophilidae. The majority of alien Diptera were introduced into or within Europe unintentionally. Almost one-third of them originate from North America (Skuhravá et al., 2010).
The genus Chymomyza is represented by four Neotropical species in Europe and Chymomyza amoena (Loew 1862) (Diptera; Drosphilidae) is the only species considered to be fully established in Europe (Bächli et al., 2002, 2004; Skuhravá et al., 2010). This phytophagous drosophilid native to North America (Skuhravá et al., 2010) was first discovered in Europe in 1975 in the former Czechoslovakia and was probably introduced into Europe on apples (Burla & Bächli, 1992; Jong & Van Zuijlen, 2003). Five years later (1980) it was recorded in two Croatian neighboring countries, Hungary and Serbia. In the coming years first records were reported for Slovakia (1983), Poland (1984), and Germany (1985). In neighboring Slovenia it was recorded in 2013 (Seljak, 2013). To this date it was established in 15 European countries (Skuhravá et al., 2010; Máca & Bächli, 1994; Band et al., 2005) and in all the countries surrounding Croatia except Bosnia and Herzegovina (Fauna Europaea, 2017). The presence of C. amoena was identified during the monitoring of D. suzukii, another new alien species for Croatia.