DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
prilagođeno pretraživanje po punom tekstu
| ŠUMARSKI LIST 1-2/2021 str. 11 <-- 11 --> PDF |
sheet, profit and loss statement) of forest companies operating with state-owned forests in Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia, BiH and North Macedonia. In Croatia, Serbia and North Macedonia state forest companies for this study were selected according to the Forest Law that have defined the responsible subject for the management of the state forests. The same applies for the Republic of Slovenia, where from 2016 there is only one state forest company, established on the basis of the Act on the Management of State Forests. State forest companies in BiH were selected according to their economic importance for forest management and business results (forest management area, growing stock, annual felling, and number of employees). RESEARCH AREA AND METHODS OBJEKT ISTRAŽIVANJA I METODA RADA Research area – Objekt istraživanja BiH’s forests covers 3,231,500 ha of forest and other wooded areas (63,0 % of the country’s land area) of which 1,652,400 ha are high forests (51.13%) and 1,252,200 ha are coppice forests (38.75%). The remainder is characterized as other wooded land and includes shrubs, barren woodland, and other wooded areas. Deciduous forests cover 70.1% of the area, conifers cover 12.4%, while mixed forests account for 17.5%. The total growing stock is about 453 million m3, the annual increment in all productive forests is 11.25 million m3, with annual felling of about 5.8 million m3. According to the statistical data, about 78% of the forest and forest area is state-owned, the rest is private (Statistical Report BH 2019). The organization of the forest sector in BiH varies across the administrative units (entities). Entities Federation BiH (FBiH) and the Republic of Srpska (RS) are responsible for environmental protection policy and use of natural resources, where forest resources are concerned. For the purposes of forest and forest land ownership rights, the entities are represented through Ministries of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry. FBiH introduced the decentralized model of management and administration with forest resources while the RS centralized model. The management with the state forests in FBiH is transferred by the agreement to the cantonal level, where 8 cantonal forest companies and 4 independent forest offices are established. In the entity of RS public forest company (JPŠ »Šume RS« a.d. Sokolac) manage with state forests. According to the Forest Management Plan of the Republic of Croatia from 2016 to 2025 (Hrvatske šume d.o.o., 2017), total forest and forest land coverage is 2,759,039.05 ha (49,3% of the country’s land area). Of that number, state property is 2,097,318.16 ha (76%), and private is 661,721 ha (24%). Total growing stock of state and private forests amounts to 418.6 million m³. The annual growth is 10.1 million m³ (7.5 million m³ in state forests and 2.2 million m³ in private forests). Annual felling in state-owned forests is 7,325,000 m3, and 1,087,000 m3 in private forests. The state-owned forest company Croatian forests Ltd (Hrvatske šume d.o.o.) is responsible for the management of most (97%) of the country’s state-owned forests and forest areas. The remaining 3% belong to other public institutions such as municipalities, the military, etc. Main tree species are beech (37.2%), common oak (11.6%) and sessile oak (9.4%). About 38% of the area in North Macedonia is covered by forests, 90% of which belong to state and are managed by state - Public company “National Forests”. The total forest area is 1,159,600 ha, of which 947,653 ha are forests. The total growing stock is 74,343,000 m3, and the total annual increment is 1,830,000 m3 with an average annual increment per hectare of 2.02 m3/ha. The main tree species per area in the forests are oak which is present with about 30%, then beech with about 23% from the deciduous trees and coniferous black pine (0.85%) and fir (0.65%). Slovenia’s forest area covers 1,180,281 million ha (58.2 % of the country’s land area), with about 6 million m3 harvested annually since 2014 (ZGS 2018). Most of Slovenia’s forests are located in the region of beech (44 %), beech-fir (15 %) and beech-oak (11 %) sites, all of which have a relatively high production capacity. The average growing stock is 302 m³/ha and is gradually increasing, while the amount of increment stands at 7.5 m³/ha and is also increasing. At present about 76 % of the forests in Slovenia are privately owned, 21% are state owned and 3% are owned by local communities (ZGS 2018, Živojinović et al. 2015). State forests are managed by the state forestry company “Slovenski državni gozdovi d.o.o.” (SiDG). SiDG was established by a Management of the state forests Act approved by the government on 14 October 2015 and subsequently Slovenian Parliament adopted on 2 February 2016 (https://eustafor.eu/sidg-the-new-slovenian-state-owned-company-joins-eustafor). According to the 2009 National Forest Inventory of the Republic of Serbia, the total forest area amounts to 2,252,400 ha, which is 29.1% of the country’s total land area. Of this, 1,194,000 ha or 53% is state-owned, and 1,058,400 ha or 47% is privately owned. The total growing forest stock amounts to 362,487,000 m3, and the annual increment is 9,079,000 m3 of timber (Banković et al. 2009). Public forest company “Srbijašume” is responsible for management with state forests and performs professional-advisory service activities in private forests. The share of broadleaves is 81% and conifers 19%. Main tree species in growing stock are beech 62%, oaks 13% and fir and spruce 10%. Methods – Metoda rada Analysis of financial reports forthcoming to the planning process, which is an integral part of management. Planning |