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ŠUMARSKI LIST 3-4/2021 str. 63     <-- 63 -->        PDF

Assesment of trap color and trap height above the ground on the capture of Ips sexdentatus and Thanasimus formicarius
Procjena boje i visine feromonske klopke iznad zemlje za ulov Ips sexdentatus i Thanasimus formicarius
Erol Akkuzu, Mustafa Şahin, Abdullah Ugiş, Ebru Bal
Summary
The six-toothed pine bark beetle Ips sexdentatus is one of the most devastating bark beetles of Eurasian pine forests. Pheromone traps are used to monitor and control Ips sexdentatus populations. In this study, the effect of trap color and trap height on the capture of Ips exdentatus and its predator the ant beetle Thanasimus formicarius was investigated. The research was conducted in Pinus sylvestris stands within Yayla Forest Enterprise Chief (Kastamonu-Daday) in Turkey. In the study area, 25 Scandinavian type three-funnel traps of 5 different colors (yellow, white, green, black, and red traps with five replications) were used. Traps were placed at the same height, 1.5 m above ground. For the second part of the study, a total of 20 traps (5 per height category) was placed 1.0 m, 1.5 m, 2.0 m, and 2.5 m above ground. Traps were controlled at intervals of 7-10 days and captured Ips exdentatus and Thanasimus formicarius were counted. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Significant differences in the number of captures by trap color, and 2) No significant differences in the numbers of Ips sexdentatus and Thanasimus formicarius captured between the trap heights.
Key words: Six-toothed pine bark beetle, ant beetle, trap height, trap color, pine
INTRODUCTION
Uvod
Bark beetles, belong to the subfamily Scolytinae within the family Curculionidae (Coleoptera), are one of the most destructive groups among the xyloephagous species on trees (Cebeci and Baydemir 2018). Although most of the bark beetle species are secondary pests, defined as infesting freshly killed trees or killing living trees of subnormal physiological condition (Rudinsky 1962, Stark 1982, Lausch et al. 2013, Lieutier et al. 2016), they cause tremendous amount of mortality and/or growth loss of conifers.
The six-toothed pine bark beetle, Ips sexdentatus (Boerner, 1776), is one of the most devastating pests of the most of the European pine forests (Jactel and Gaillard, 1991) feeding predominantly on Pinus spp. but during outbreaks may attack even Picea spp. (Rener and Maja 2001, Ozcan et al. 2011, Avtzis et al. 2019). Althouh this species mainly prefers trees that are somehow wekakened or otherwise under stress, it can even attack and kill healthy trees at high population levels (Rossi et al. 2009, Pineau et al. 2017).
Various control and monitoring methods have been established to reduce bark beetle’s adverse effects on forests.