DIGITALNA ARHIVA ŠUMARSKOG LISTA
prilagođeno pretraživanje po punom tekstu




ŠUMARSKI LIST 7-8/2021 str. 43     <-- 43 -->        PDF

reported in 1908 that none of the woodland areas enjoyed protection because people refused to stop using them as pastures.29 This would explain why it was difficult for both French and Austrian administrations to keep forbidden groves under real protection and why they were often reported to be devastated.
CONCLUSION
ZAKLJUČAK
Understanding forest history in Dalmatia is rather complex because of the frequent changes of governments and gaps in sources caused by numerous wars. However, existing evidence demonstrates that ever since the Venetian period, Dalmatian governments were facing continuous problem of managing the exploitation of woodlands as they were a crucial part of local livelihood. Research by Jedlowski (1975) showed that one of the crucial ways in controlling overexploitation in the Venetian period was the practice of setting aside a section of woodland for regeneration and prohibiting exploitation there. When the French took over Dalmatia, the same practice continued thanks to Vincenzo Dandolo. These protected parts of woodland were called sacro bosco or forbidden groves and because of different translations of the term they have been misidentified as a unique French invention. In reality, as confirmed by this research, they represent the centuries-old fundamental form of Dalmatian woodland management not much different from those that existed in the previous administrations and those that came afterwards. In fact, Austrian regulations concerning forbidden groves did not differ in any way from the French ones and therefore represent evidence of continuity of regulations from French into Austrian period. When in the second half of the 19th century the Italian language was replaced with the Croatian as the official, the term sacro bosco was dropped from use and was replaced with the Croatian word branjevina or protected area.
This shows need for more detailed research in forest history of Dalmatia.
Acknowledgments – Zahvale
This work is a result of a PhD research supported by the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council through Midlands3Cities Doctoral Training Partnership.
LITERATURE
LITERATURA
Baretti, J., 1771: A dictionary of the English and Italian languages, Volume I, John Adams Library, London.
Burgess, R., 1973; Portraits of Doctors and Scientists in the Wellcome Institute of the History of Medicine: A Catalogue, Wellcome Institute of the History of Medicine, London. 
Chandran, M.D.S., J.D. Hughes, 2000: Sacred Groves and Conservation: The Comparative History of Traditional Reserves in the Mediterranean Area and in South India, Environment and History, 6(2): 169-186.
Clarke, F.W., 1891: Weights Measures and Money of All Nations, D. Appleton & Company, New York.
Fortis, A., 1774: Travels into Dalmatia; containing general observations on the natural history of that country and the neighbouring islands; the natural productions, arts, manners and customs of the inhabitants: in a series of letters from Abbe Alberto Fortis, J. Robson, London.
Fuerst-Bjeliš, B., 2003: Reading the Venetian Cadastral Record: An Evidence for the Environment, Population and Cultural Landscape of the 18th century Dalmatia, Hrvatski geografski glasnik, 65 (1): 47-62.
Fuerst-Bjeliš, B., S. Lozić, M. Cvitanović, A. Durbešić, 2011: Promjene okoliša središnjeg dijela Dalmatinske zagore od 18. stoljeća, u: M. Matas, J. Faričić, (ur.), Zagora između stočarsko-ratarske tradicije te procesa litoralizacije i globalizacije, Ogranak Matice hrvatske Split: 117-130.
Giornale della Societa d’incoraggiamento delle scienze e delle arti stabilita in Milano, 1809: Nuovi cenni sullo stato di miglioramento in cui trovasi la DalmaziaItalica, Per Cairo E Compagno, Milano, 327-359.
Giuspanio, G., 1837: A new pocket dictionary of the Italian and English languages, Longman and Co, London.
Grubić, K., 1928: The Dalmatian Forests, their development, their decline, and their restoration. Le Karst Yugoslavie: 118-136.
Gusić, I., F. Gusić, 2004: Rječnik govora Dalmatinske zagore i Zapadne Hercegovine, Vlastita naklada, Zagreb.
Guttenberg, H., 1872: Gojenje šumah s navlastitim obzirom na Dalmaciju i Istru, Tisak braće Battara, Zadar.
Ivančević, V., O. Piškorić, 1986: Obnova šuma na kršu Hrvatske od prošlog stoljeća do danas. Šumarski list, 110(7-8): 333-347.
Jedlowski, D., 1975: Venecija i šumarstvo Dalmacije od 15. do 18. vijeka, doktorska disertacija, Split.
Kaser, K., 2003: Uništenje šuma na obalnom kraškom području hrvatske Vojne krajine u prvoj polovice 18. stoljeća. Njegovi demografski, privredni i socijalni uzroci, u: D. Roksandić, I. Mimica,  N. Štefanec, N. Glunčić-Bužanić (ur.), Triplex Confinium (1500. - 1800.): Ekohistorija - Zbornik radova sa međunarodnog znanstvenog skupa održanog od 3. do 7. svibnja 2000. godine u Zadru, Split: Književni krug, Zagreb: Zavod za hrvatsku povijest Filozofskog fakulteta, Biblioteka Knjiga Mediterana: 377-395.
Kesterčanek, F.Ž., 1882a: Prilozi za poviest šuma i šumskoga gospodarstva kod Hrvata, Šumarski list, 6(2): 57.
Kesterčanek, F.Ž., 1882b: Prilozi za poviest šuma i šumskoga gospodarstva kod Hrvata, Šumarski list, 6(4): 165-181.
Marchant, J.R.V., J.F. Charles, 1957: Cassell’s Latin Dictionary, Funk & Wagnalls Company, New York.
Marčić, J., 1935: Bivše, sadašnje i buduće šume na Dalmatinskom kršu, Šumarski list, 59(12): 564-571.